God Is The Creator Of All People, And The Israelites

The modern Christian religion tells each of its followers that God loves us all, sinners and innocents alike, if only we would accept God into our hearts. But how true is that statement? While God is the creator of all people, and the Israelites are supposed to be his chosen people, God does not act as such in the Bible. Rather than being interested in humanity in general, or even the Israelites specifically, God is primarily interested in certain individuals. These works suggest that even God has favorites. From Abraham to Moses to David, and all those heroes of the Bible, God preserves the peoples from which he derives these favored individuals. In these passages, the presence of a â€Å"chosen one† makes or breaks a society, and more often†¦show more content†¦As soon as Adam and Eve disobey God, he bans them from the garden of Eden. God drives out â€Å"man and at the east of the garden of Eden he placed the cherubim and a flaming sword that turned every way to g uard the way to the tree of life† and to the entrance to the garden of Eden (Genesis 3:24). These people may have been cared for by God, but by disobeying him, they lose God’s favor, showing that it was only favor that Adam and Eve had to begin with. Even the Israelites, God’s chosen people, are only briefly in God’s favor, and that is not as a result of any inherent interest in this group of people, but rather because the majority of God’s favorite individuals arise from this group. The people of Israel were overcome by the Egyptians and the Egyptians thus â€Å"set taskmasters over them to afflict them with heavy burdens† (Exodus 1:11). The Israelites â€Å"groaned because of their slavery and cried out for help† and only then â€Å"God remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob† (Exodus 2:23; Exodus 2:24). God had forgotten about the people he promised to provide prosperity for in the future. In addition , God does not remember the covenant as being with the Israelite peoples, but with his favorites of the previous generations, i.e. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Furthermore, rather than choosing to then save all of the Israelites with the power God obviously

Essay about Psychology Movie Review - 928 Words

Fight Club, starring Edward Norton who plays a role as a typical single man, living an ordinary life working in the corporate world. He believes in buying the most fascinating things that his money can buy. Even though that may seem perfect, he suffered from insomnia, multiple person’s disorder (schizophrenia), delusions, and paranoia. The movie starts out with a detailed history of his life as an adult. But surprisingly throughout the whole movie, he (Edward Norton) never once stated his name. He was the narrator telling his story. Then I tend to notice that he, â€Å"the narrator† mainly focused on self-talk and also dealing with his insomnia. After he seeks out the attention from his physician to deal with the lack of sleep, his physician†¦show more content†¦Fight for no reason but just to do something out of the norm. After the two men began to fight one another just for fun, later on down the line others saw there selves drawn to the adrenalin and excite ment of the concept to release their anger. This is how fight club began. But where the story began to take a turn was when Marla, the woman that he met in the support groups, called and stated she was in the process of committing suicide. He pretty much blew her off when Tyler took the initiative to go to her apartment where he becomes her coping mechanism by using sex. But while the narrator (Edward) thinks that he is having some sort of nightmare not understanding it is actual reality. Then noticing the tension between the two the narrator states that they Marla and Tyler remind him of his parent because he never sees them in the same place at once. The only time that they spent in the same room was during sexual intercourse. He narrator was jealous because of the way he felt for Marla, but just too afraid to express it because she was already sleeping with Tyler. This is why the tension was so high. Throughout the movie though it seems that everything that Tyler did, he (Edward) did as well. Like everything was always was done together. Everything that needed to be expressed came from Tyler as if he was speaking for him (Edward). But then became the recruiting of their members from the fight club. When he startedShow MoreRelatedMean Girls Movie Review/ Personality Psychology Essay1576 Words   |  7 PagesMovie Review- Mean Girls Brooke Millett Sheridan College Personality and how we behave have been of much interest to psychologists for a long time now and because of this there have been many theories and theorists that have been developed. Personality is defined as consistent behavior patterns and intrapersonal processes originating within and individual (Fritzley, 2012, p. 10). 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Esl Program Analysis Essay free essay sample

Students also have the opportunity to attend the Phelps Center for Gifted Education and an Early Childhood Center. Springfield Public Schools (SPS) caters to the diversity of its many students by including such programs as the International Baccalaureate (IB) program at the elementary, middle and high school levels, Wonder of the Ozarks Learning Facility (WOLF) and the Middle College Program. All five of their high schools are designated Missouri A+ schools, which allows a high school student to graduate and have their first two years of college paid for by an A+ scholarship. www. springfieldpublicschoolsmo. org). The Springfield Public Schools English Language Learner (ELL) program has been a part of their district since the 1980s, per Rhonda Hittenberger-Ortiz, ELL Liaison. At the program’s inception all students were serviced either at Central High School or through itinerant teachers who traveled around the district seeing students once or more per week. In the last five y ear their ELL population has grown quickly and a full-time coordinator was hired in 2011. Currently, they have eight ELL â€Å"site schools† where ELL students are clustered to receive regular language support from an on-site ELL teacher. These schools include four elementaries, one intermediate, two middle schools and one high school. Parents are given the choice to transfer their children to these schools or to leave them at their home school. For students who are not at the site schools, the district has an instructional coach who works with the mainstream teachers of the ELL students. Currently the district has 850 students in the ELL program. Program Details Springfield Public Schools uses different methods in their program. The Elementary sites mostly implement the push-in or collaborative teaching method in which ELL and mainstream teachers work together within the classroom, sharing content and language goals for each lesson. The pull-out method is used for the lowest English proficient students. Secondary sites schedule students into English-instruction classes and the teachers also go into content classrooms to work with ELLs individually or in small groups. Assessments Students take the same assessments that all other students in the district take but with certain accommodations such as interpreters, extra time, etc. Springfield R-12 uses the following assessments: DRA2 (grades K-2), Scantron Performance Series Assessment for Reading, Language Arts and Math (grades 3-12), the Missouri Assessment Program (grades 3-8) and End-of-Course exams (grades 9-12). In addition, ELL students take a yearly progress test to provide data to the state of Missouri. The yearly exams shows progress in English proficiency and how many students are achieving English proficiency. Springfield Public Schools regularly meets the state-established goals. The expectation for reaching English proficiency varies widely and depends on many factors. State Guidelines The State of Missouri’s English Language Proficiency Standards and Grade Level Expectations are based on World-Class Instructional Design and Assessment (WIDA). WIDA establishes, for educators, high quality standards, assessments, research and professional development. These help teachers with language development and to help increase academic achievement for their English Language Learners (http://wida. s/index. aspx). English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) is the teaching approach of choice in Missouri. Typically ESOL programs are established because a qualified teacher who is fluent in English and the student’s native language is not available. In other situations there just may be too many languages represented in a district that makes having bilingual teachers not practical. Miss ouri uses three ESOL approaches: Structured ESOL Immersion, Content-based ESOL and Pull-Out ESOL. They only use the Pull-Out ESOL approach in their lowest learners. The state of Missouri strives to develop instructional objectives that lead students to high achievement by relying on both state and national standards that can be found at www. tesol. edu. The Show-Me Standards represent Missouri’s educational expectations for all students. Local schools are responsible for ensuring that LEP (Limited English Proficient) students not only develop Communication Arts skills but that they achieve high levels in all of the Knowledge and Performance standards. All school districts in Missouri must develop a plan that incorporates LEP student needs into the entire school’s educational program (http://dese. o. gov/qs/me/documents/definstructmodel. pdf). Instructional Practices for ELL Students Researchers continually battle as to whether the ELL student’s native language should be part of their teaching. Most school districts tend to not have a sufficient amount of teachers that speak the native languages of their students and therefor e implement ESL programs which are taught only in English. Federal policies continue to restrict the amount of time that can be spent teaching children in their native language. Policies such as â€Å"No Child Left Behind† and the continued diminishment of funding makes it impractical for local educational agencies and school districts to support native language instruction (Calderon, M. , Slavin, R. , amp; Sanchez, M. 2011). A case study performed by the Alliance for Excellent Education in December 2005 promotes six key strategies that teachers of English language learners can use. They promote: 1. Vocabulary and Language Development 2. Guided Interaction 3. Metacognition and Authentic Assessment 4. Explicit Instruction 5. Meaning-Based Context and Universal Themes 6. Modeling, Graphic Organizers and Visuals The concept behind these six strategies is that they not only help students develop English as their second language it helps them learn words that are not part of the everyday English language such as algorithm, allegory, hypothesis, and filibuster (http://uteach. utexas. edu/sites/default/files/files/SixKeyStrategiesELL. pdf). These strategies not only work in an ELL environment but are also good strategies for all learners in all subject areas. A look inside the door of any classroom in the United States would show these strategies at work with ELL and non-ELL students. Other arguments that surface in the ELL world are that as the number of ELL students grows in our country, educators and educational agencies will have to be look at â€Å"Specially Designed Academic Instruction in English (SDAIE). Authors Zulmara Cline and Juan Necochea of the College of Education, California State University San Marcos explored the eight key components of SDAIE that can enhance the instructional program of schools and provide access to core curriculum to ELLs. The eight components of SDAIE are: 1. Primary Language Support 2. Connect to Previous Learning 3. Visuals and Manipulatives . Low Risk and Safe Environment 5. Multiple Access Points 6. Cooperative and Interactive 7. Chunking and Webbing 8. Respectful Learning These components have to continuously be working with each other and not on an independent basis. Teachers should be making connections to previous learning, use visuals and manipulatives whenever possible, create a safe, low risk environment for their students, etc. Continually using these components with an English Language Learner in a main-streamed classroom will help them grow in the English language and as students in all academic areas (Cline, Z. amp; Necochea, J. 2003). These theories regarding ELL/ESL instruction all have strong points as to how they can benefit the English Language Learner by creating environments that allow non-English speaking students the benefits of English instruction even with teachers who may not be fluent in their native language. Springfield Public Schools has a fully immersed ESL program that puts their ELL students in classrooms with English speaking teachers that work hand-in-hand with ESOL instructors. I eel that Springfield Public Schools is providing the appropriate instruction for their ELL students, which makes up approximately 3% of their total student population, as they continually meet state requirements and standards. Although one may argue that one weakness we have might be that th ey don’t require their ELL students to attend one of their ELL site schools but can only recommend it to the parents. This might make learning English for a student that chooses to stay at their home school, even though it isn’t an ELL site, more difficult since their interaction with a certified ESOL instructor may be more limited. Springfield R-12 predicts that they will see an increase of 115 students district-wide per year for the next 10 years. It will be interesting to see if their ELL population grows proportionately and if that will alter their methods. Over-all I would still contend that the Springfield R-12 School District located in Springfield, Missouri is providing an excellent education to not only their ELL students but all students and that they take full advantage of the resources available to them. Resources Calderon, M. Slavin, R. , amp; Sanchez, M. (2011). Effective Instruction for English Learners. Future Of Children, 21(1), 103-127 Cline, Z. , amp; Necochea, J. (2003). Specially Designed Academic Instruction in English (SDAIE): More Than Just Good Instruction. Multicultural Perspectives, 5(1), 18 http://dese. mo. gov/qs/me/documents/definstructmodel. pdf http://uteach. utexas. edu/sites/default/files/files/SixKeyStrategiesELL. pdf http://wida. us/index. aspx www. springfieldpublicschoolsmo. org www. tesol. edu

The Crow Review Essay Example For Students

The Crow Review Essay Scott SpeakmanEnglish ProjectApril 18, 2000The Crow ReviewedThroughout the history of movies, movie companies have tried to do it bigger better and more exciting. They bring in bigger stars, better special effects and more convincing stories, which causes the masses to flock to the theatres in eager anticipation of each movie. The audience usually gets what the audience wantsmore violence and more action the world over. The Crow has elements of different types of movie genres the horror, adventure, film noir and the western. In this movie there is no difference as is about to be shown in the following paper. They mix the genres together quite well in this movie to make it a true hybrid genre. From the mean streets, the use of shadows and surprise like the horror movie, to the adventure of the over all story. They also mix in a bit of western with the black cowboy that is in the comic, but doesnt even appear in the movie itself. Now this paper shows how the movie appeals to the differ ent genres using characters, settings, lighting and other effects to make the movie more interesting. We will write a custom essay on The Crow Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In The Crow, it starts out with a legend of the crow showing the horror aspect of the movie. It says that when a person dies, a crow carries there soul to the land of the dead and sometimes a soul dies with such anguish that the soul cant rest, and sometimes, just sometimes the crow can bring that spirit back to put the wrong things right. Which was in the case of Eric Draven, is what happened. Him and his fiance (Shelly) both are killed while fighting tenant eviction eviction in there building. Eric Draven being the way that he was before he was killed, a rock singer and guitarist, truly makes him the unlikely hero of this story. The way that he paints his face in a mimes face with a smile is quite different then was in the comic, he was suppose to paint his face like the face of tragedy. Instead they do it like a mime, and this is quite ironic as to what he is supposed to stand for. This creates a sense of dramatic horror to an effect throughout the movie. The street gang that kill ed him for the tenant eviction made him quite the man made demon, having only one thing that was on his mind, the revenge of his and Shellys death to put his soul to rest. Eric and Shelly were murdered the day before they were to be married on Devils Night (the night before Halloween). Which in the story holds significance as the night that the city has hundreds of fires set throughout it. In taking his revenge he shows many traits that come to build on his character. He shows a certain sarcastic wit that makes him all the more interesting to watch. Like when Eric is about to kill Tintin, Tintin says hey man, come on give me a break man and Eric replys victims, arent we all and then it cuts out with the knife in Erics hand. There is also a certain amount of mystery that surrounds him, when he disappears into the shadows many times during the movie. The aesthetic value of The Crow is shown in all of the locations that the scenes take place in. In some of the scenes in shows film noir with the dilapidated streets and buildings. It also shows the lawlessness of the city streets by all of the by all the thieves, and how they have taken over them. It also shows the menacing people gathering around the abandoned streets, which seems like the other types are afraid to show there faces outside of there homes, thinking that they may be robbed or worse; killed. The alleys littered with barrels aflame, and homeless people scatted around them warming up. The inside of the buildings looking just the same as the outside, worm out and dilapidated. Theyre torn up from the water leading from the room and the broken windows. Worm out form just neglect and not being taken care of. The lighting in the movie is low to

Special People Throughout My Life

Special People Throughout My Life Free Online Research Papers Everyone has a neighbor, teacher, store clerk, or even newspaper boy that they forever cherish in memory. There are three specific people that I will always remember: Mr. Bostick(my junior high principal), Sierra Brown(my best friend), and Alex Eleby Sr.(my grandfather). As junior high principal, Mr. Bostick was always the class clown. He looked a lot like Steve Martin. He had completely white hair but dark eyebrows, which we never quite understood. Bostick was a middle-aged man and stood about six feet tall. This was the one principal’s office no one minded being called to, and I do not believe anyone ever saw him upset, angry, or even with his voice raised. When I think back to junior high I can visualize him walking up and down the halls with his hands stuffed in his pockets smiling like Ronald McDonald. He had the heart of a Care Bear, and because of that, never gave students â€Å"pops† or a hard time. Mr. Bostick was a big comedian; he was constantly saying something sarcastic or making wise cracks. At lunchtime beware, because I have never seen this man go get his own lunch. He would distract students with one of his jokes and when they are laughing too hard to watch; he would snatch a couple of fries from their tray. Another way he would sneak your fries away was by tapping you on the shoulder; then, when you turn around he would reach over you just that quick and take a few. He often promised to pay you back, but he never did. Mr. Bostick will forever be in a â€Å"fry debt† and in my memories of Corrigan-Camden Junior High School. While attending Corrigan-Camden Junior High I met my best friend to the end, Sierra Brown. Sierra has always been very ambitious and there for me whether I wanted her to or not. She was the tallest of the class; that is, until all the guys hit their growth spurt. In seventh grade she was five foot eight inches tall with the longest legs I had ever seen. When we joked about her height she would always say, â€Å"I love my height because I’m going to be a model.† Sierra always wanted to be a model, among several other things. A lot of times you could spot her practicing her catwalk. That was one hilarious sigh to see! She was highly intelligent, always on the A honor roll and in the gifted and talented list most of the time-the only black American on either list. She always wanted to be a doctor; specifically an oncologist, if her modeling, acting, or singing career did not work out. Therefore, she put studying and homework before hanging out with friends. Unless, of cou rse, her best friend, me, was going through a teenage crisis and needed her help. Sierra can be described as â€Å"Mother Hen†; she always felt as if she was responsible for me. Sierra to me is so much more than a friend. She is more like a sister. She has been my human diary for almost ten years now. I could always tell her anything and know without a doubt that no one else would ever know with my permission. When my fiancà © asked who was going to be my maid of honor, without hesitation I said, â€Å"Sierra Renà © Brown.† My grandfather, Alex Eleby Sr., (Papa) will not be at my big day. He peacefully passed away August 5, 2006, but will always be remembered and honored in family. When I was younger, around seven or so, my grandpa was the tallest man alive in my eyes. Not only figuratively, I mean literally. He looked as if he could grab a star out of the sky and hand it to me. Alex Eleby Sr. was born July 9, 1917 and lived to see his 89th birthday. He had 21 grandchildren and eight great grandchildren and so much more. He was very healthy for his age. He still drove his old station wagon all around and wasn’t on any kind of medications. I believe it was because he was an outdoorsman and ate extremely healthy and in moderation. He was always seen with his tobacco pipe and old wooden cane. Way back before any of the grand kids could even imagine, he hunted a lot. He had nine shotguns and one pistol that he kept in the car. There was always this high level of respect for my grandfather. He kept h is guns in the house and loaded and it has always been an understood rule to never touch his guns; whether you knew they were loaded or not without even been told. He was a great judge of character. He could talk to a person for 30 minutes and tell you if he was straight or not, and Grandpa was always correct. My grandpa was also the most dependable person you will never meet. One time he picked me up from school and I told him before hand that I got out at four o’ clock and he was outside waiting patiently at three thirty. Also one morning my little brother and I missed the bus and we were crying because we knew we would get in trouble when my mom got home. Then we thought to call papa and he came right on and took us to school and wasn’t angry or even curious about how or why we missed the bus. All 21 grandkids could tell you amazing stories of things we learned from our grandfather; from shooting a gun and fishing to making a bed, but there isn’t enough time or paper in the world. My grandfather was a parent, teacher, and best friend all in one small and package; that is why he will always be loved, respected, remembered, and known for generations to come. Everyone should take time and think to themselves about the important people in his life. Then the next time you see him tell him that he matters and you care about him. I am sure it will brighten his day. Research Papers on Special People Throughout My LifeStandardized TestingHip-Hop is ArtThe Hockey GameThe Spring and AutumnPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoLifes What IfsQuebec and CanadaThe Masque of the Red Death Room meanings19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

Process Analysis in Richard Selzers Essay The Knife

Process Analysis in Richard Selzers Essay The Knife An accomplished surgeon and a professor of surgery, Richard Selzer is also one of Americas most celebrated essayists. When I put down the scalpel and picked up a pen, he once wrote, I reveled in letting go. The following paragraphs from The Knife, an essay in Selzers first collection, Mortal Lessons: Notes on the Art of Surgery  (1976), vividly describe the process of the laying open of the body of a human being. Selzer calls the pen the distant cousin of the knife. He once said to author and artist Peter Josyph, Blood and ink, at least in my hands, have a certain similarity. When you use a scalpel, blood is shed; when you use a pen, ink is spilled. Something is let in each of these acts (Letters to a Best Friend  by Richard Selzer, 2009). from "The Knife"* by Richard Selzer A stillness settles in my heart and is carried to my hand. It is the quietude of resolve layered over fear. And it is this resolve that lowers us, my knife and me, deeper and deeper into the person beneath. It is an entry into the body that is nothing like a caress; still, it is among the gentlest of acts. Then stroke and stroke again, and we are joined by other instruments, hemostats and forceps, until the wound blooms with strange flowers whose looped handles fall to the sides in steely array. There is sound, the tight click of clamps fixing teeth into severed blood vessels, the snuffle and gargle of the suction machine clearing the field of blood for the next stroke, the litany of monosyllables with which one prays his way down and in: clamp, sponge, suture, tie, cut. And there is color. The green of the cloth, the white of the sponges, the red and yellow of the body. Beneath the fat lies the fascia, the tough fibrous sheet encasing the muscles. It must be sliced and the red beef of the muscles separated. Now there are retractors to hold apart the wound. Hands move together, part, weave. We are fully engaged, like children absorbed in a game or the craftsmen of some place like Damascus. Deeper still. The peritoneum, pink and gleaming and membranous, bulges into the wound. It is grasped with forceps, and opened. For the first time we can see into the cavity of the abdomen. Such a primitive place. One expects to find drawings of buffalo on the walls. The sense of trespassing is keener now, heightened by the worlds light illuminating the organs, their secret colors revealedmaroon and salmon and yellow. The vista is sweetly vulnerable at this moment, a kind of welcoming. An arc of the liver shines high and on the right, like a dark sun. It laps over the pink sweep of the stomach, from whose lower border the gauzy omentum is draped, and through which veil one sees, sinuous, slow as just-fed snakes, the indolent coils of the intestine. You turn aside to wash your gloves. It is a ritual cleansing. One enters this temple doubly washed. Here is man as microcosm, representing in all his parts the earth, perhaps the universe.    * The Knife, by Richard Selzer, appears in the essay collection Mortal Lessons: Notes on the Art of Surgery, originally published by Simon Schuster in 1976, reprinted by Harcourt in 1996.

Macro economics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Macro economics - Research Paper Example To understand the European Debt Crisis, the events leading up to 2009 must be thoroughly analyzed. On February 7th, 1992 the 13 member nations of the European Council gathered together to sign the Maastricht Treaty The purpose of the treaty was to lay out key financial rules for each member state to adhere to, with the long term goal being that of creating a union between the member states promoting economical growth and free trade. The treaty primarily encompassed four points: Firstly, a close monitor on inflation rates, ensuring that no member state was 1.5 percent higher than the average of the three best countries' rates. Secondly, tight regulation on the annual government deficit. Thirdly, member states would adhere to the currency exchange rates set by the European Monetary System (EMS). Finally, the nominal long-term interest rate should not be more than two percentage points higher than in the three lowest inflation member states. While all 13 members signed, at the end of 20 10 only four countries were able to abide by the policy for Government Debt. In essence, the members of the European Council were spending far more than they were bringing in. The inability for the European countries to manage their debt was the leading cause for the European Debt Crisis. (Arghyrou & Tsoukalas, 2011). ... The creation of the Euro in 1999 was a vehicle to ease trading between its member countries and therefore benefit their economies. The countries that were joined through the Euro were Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain. After these countries were united, countries such as Greece were able to take advantage of the lending rates of 1-3% compared to previous rates of 6% or more. Banks lowered their rates as a result of their connection with countries like Germany. The banks reduced their rates on the basis of â€Å"tacit promise†, if Greece could not repay the loan, Germany would. The same rates were additionally offered to Portugal, Italy, Ireland, and Spain. Between 1999 and 2009 Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece and Spain, (PIIGS) with their new access to low interest rate loans, took on huge amounts of debt to fund the activities of their countries. This inflow of cash from the loans generated a f alse sense of prosperity in the countries created a 'bubble'. The loans to the countries were issued in exchange for Sovereign Bonds. When Greece announced it had financial difficulties it had a drastic impact on the sovereign bonds that were owned by the banks. The news led to an increase in the bond yields to above 7% indicating that the bond was distressed. As a result of Greece relying on deficit spending to cover their debt, issuing bonds was the only way they could manage, however, with the huge decline in their bond value they are currently not able to raise enough funds to stay solvent. In April of 2010, the Troika—the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the European Central Bank (ECB), and the European Commission (EC, the executive arm of the European Union)—structured a bailout

Decision Making Ethic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Decision Making Ethic - Essay Example Ethical dilemmas ften invlve uncertainty and, when rights and duties are in cnflict, it is difficult t find guidance. Ethics is receiving wide-ranging discussin in tday's ppular press as well as in accunting literature. Many accuntants find themselves perplexed by these arguments because they have nt been expsed t a practical methd f dealing with ethical dilemmas. N frmal training and few pprtunities in everyday wrking life have been prvided fr accuntants n a sustained basis. Greek ecnmic, philsphical, religius, legal, business, scial, and ther prblem areas and prpsed slutins are fund in their legal cdes and in their religius and philsphic writings (Frederick 62). The Scratic philsphers and military are the chief surces f the ecnmic, business, and scial thught f that day; their writings are intertwined with philsphy, ethics, and plitics. T btain a better feel fr precisely what impact these early writers and thinkers had n present day management and ethical, mral, and scial practices, tw f these Greek writers will be examined. First, the writings f Plat (427B.C. - 347B.C.) and then Aristtle (384B.C. -- 322B.C.) will be examined. The scpe f Plat's and Aristtle's writings was wide and represented the general thinking and beliefs f the Greek philsphers f that time; they delved int the ecnmic and scial system in its parts, hw it shuld wrk, and hw it shuld be used t achieve the desired gals and bjectives (Buchhlz and Rsenthal 62). Even thugh the early Greek and ther cultures have had a prfund influence n tday's business activity and scial respnsiveness, they run a far secnd t the impact that the Hebrew and Christian religins have had n ttal wrk, ethics, mrals, and scial respnsiveness. In many areas the Hebrew and Christian appraches t the ethical, mral, business, human, and scial prblems were cnsiderably different frm that f the Greeks and ther cultures (Dnaldsn 70). With the cllapse f the Rman Empire, the early and mid-perid saw the grwth f the feudal system, the grwth and increasing pwer f the Cathlic church, and the teachings f its fremst spkesman: Saint Thmas Aquinas. The feudal system existed in the latter days f the Rman Empire in a scattered frm and grew rapidly during the Dark Ages as a means f selfpreservatin and prtectin fr many f the prer peple. In rder t secure prtectin frm murder, rbbery, and vilence, many f the peple sld themselves int a level f subservience, including the lss f their individual freedm, t the peple wh were mre pwerful than they were and wh culd ffer them sme frm f prtectin (ppenheim 45). This "in between" grup was referred t by sme as the frerunners f ecnmic liberalism. In reviewing these peple and grups it shuld be nted that as mvement is made int the latter part f the perid and int the study f the views, philsphies, and writings f sme f the ecnmists, ther than fr the physicrats, there is a marked decrease in emphasis placed n the equality f mankind and the helping f ne's fellw man. The 1930s signaled a transitin frm a primarily laissez-faire ecnmy with industrial pwer and might in cntrl t a mre mixed ecnmy with unins and gvernment taking a

Sample Questionnaire Essay Example for Free

Sample Questionnaire Essay The purpose of this survey is to determine to what extent the different factors in attitude do and study interest affects individual. Enclosed you will find a self-addressed, stamped envelope to use when returning the survey. Please feel free to include any additional comments you deem necessary or relevant to improving the behavioral aspect of individual. Be assured that all your answers are highly confidential and will be treated with privacy. Your response and time is greatly appreciated. Thank you! Sincerely, Floriden Dairo Camille Punzalan Marilyn Vargsa Mary Grace Romero John Paul Bernaldez (BSE III-B, English) Below is a list of statements. Please indicate how you feel about each statement by checking the box of your answer. How family background does affect your behavior and interest in study habits? 1. My parents really care for me (_) True(_) False 2. I get along well with my parents and siblings (_) True(_) False 3. My parents really listen to I have to say (_) True(_) False 4. My parents care whether I come at home very late at night (_) True(_) False 5. My parents didn’t pay attention to what I have to say. (_) True(_) False 6. My parents didn’t appreciate my effort (_) True(_) False 7. My parents always fight (_) True(_) False 8. My mother always nagged me especially if we do not have enough money (_) True(_) False 9. My parents didn’t support our studies (_) True(_) False 10. My parents encouraged me to have an occupation at an early age (_) True(_) False How do gadgets affect your attitude and interest in the study? Check your answers. 1. What gadgets do you have? (_)Cellular phone (_) IPod (_) Television (_) Radio (_) Digital Camera (_) others 2. Do you really want to play games, listen to music, etc. rather than studying your lesson? (_)Yes (_) No 3. Whenever your mother does the household chores, do you help her? (_)Yes (_) No 4. At night, do you prefer to listen in the radio, instead of taking a rest? (_) Yes (_) No 5. Instead of playing outdoor activities, do you prefer to stay at home and play with your gadgets? (_) Yes (_) No 6. Did your parents bought whatever you ask, like all your gadgets for you to be in with your armadas? (_)Yes (_) No 7. Did radio, television, and other technologies sometimes help you to do your school activities? (_) Yes (_) No 8. Do you use your gadgets to degrade your classmates for not having it? (_)Yes (_) No 9. Did you spend more time with your gadgets rather than with your family? (_)Yes (_) No 10. Did your parents allowed you to addict in all gadgets that may cause of losing your interest with your studies. (_)Yes (_) No How do peers and peer pressure affects your attitude and study interest? Do you prefer to do things independently? (_) Yes (_) No Do you prefer to do things with the help of your friends? (_) Yes (_) No Do your friends affect largely your decision-making? (_) Yes (_) No Do you always decide based on your peer’s decisions? (_) Yes (_) No Do you consider your friend’s judgments before making friends to others? (_) Yes (_) No I am conscious about what I will wear before my friends might tease me. (_) Yes (_) No Are you afraid on bullying? (_) Yes (_) No If yes, do you have a feeling that if you neglect your friend’s judgments, they might bully you? (_) Yes (_) No If no, do you believe that â€Å"if you don’t do something wrong, nothing should be shame of†? (_) Yes (_) No Do you agree that self-progression is through your own hard work and perseverance? (_) Yes (_) NO 1) How familiar are you with your schools mission statement for school safety Very Familiar Somewhat familiar Not too familiar Not at all Familiar 2) How familiar are you with your schools emergency response plan? Very Familiar Somewhat familiar Not too familiar Not at all Familiar Please tell us how much you agree or disagree with the following statements. 3) School staff and administration uphold all discipline policies. Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree 4) The school provides adequate training for staff on school policies and procedures. Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree 5) Emergency response plans are known by all teachers and administration. Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree 6) Emergency response drills are performed regularly by teachers and students. Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree 7) The school has an anonymous student hotline for reporting potential safety problems, such as threats. Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree 8) The school takes all threats and rumors of violence seriously and investigates appropriately. Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree 8) All visitors to the school are acknowledged and accounted for at all times. Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree Please tell us how satisfied or dissatisfied you are with the following: 9) How satisfied are you with the level of control the school maintains on all entrances and exits? Very Satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Very Dissatisfied Dont Know 10) How satisfied are you with the exterior safety lighting? Very Satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Very Dissatisfied Dont Know 11) How satisfied are you with the interior safety lighting? Very Satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Very Dissatisfied Dont Know 12) How satisfied are you with the level of support the administration gives to teachers for dealing with discipline problems? Very Satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Very Dissatisfied Dont Know 13) Overall, how safe do you feel in your classroom? Very Safe Some what safe Not too safe Not at all Safe Dont Know 14) Overall, how safe do you feel outside on the school grounds? Very Safe Some what safe Not too safe Not at all Safe Dont Know 15) Overall, how satisfied are you with your schools safety policies? Very Satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Very Dissatisfied Dont Know 16) Overall, how satisfied are you with your schools emergency response plan? Very Satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Very Dissatisfied Dont Know Please indicate the extent to which the following are problems for you. Always-3 Often 2 Sometimes -1 Never 0 Cutting classes Saying bad words Bullied Smoking Financial problem Absenteeism Excessive use of alcohol Sleeping during the class Late homework Latecomer Cheating Fighting with others students Using cell phones/iPods/electronics during class hour Being honest about all rules Please indicate the extent to which the following are the appropriate assessment for the behavioral development of the students. Strongly Agree-3 Agree-2 Disagree-1 strongly disagree-0 Conducting seminars and Programs Making organizations having counseling Punishments Dismissal of the students from school Detention References Durand, V. M., Crimmins, D. B. (1992). Motivation assessment scale. Topeka, KS: Monaco Associates Incorporated. Iwata, B. A., DeLeon, I. G. (1995). The functional analysis screening tool (FAST). Unpublished manuscript, University of Florida. Lewis, T.J., Scott, T., Sugai, G. (1994). The problem behavior questionnaire: A teacher-based instrument to develop functional hypotheses of problem behavior in general education classrooms. Diagnostique, 19(2-3), 103-115. Mason, S. A. Egel, A. L. (1995). What does Amy like? Using a mini-reinforcer assessment to increase student participation in instructional activities. Teaching Exceptional Children, 28, 42-45. O’Neill, R. E., Horner, R. H., Albin, R. W., Storey, K., Sprague, J. R. (1997). Functional assessment and program development: A practical handbook. Pacific Grove, CA: Brookes/Cole Publishing Company. Singh, N. N., Matson, J. L., Lancioni, G. E., Singh, A. N., Adkins, A. D., McKeegan, G. F., Brown, S. W. (2006). Questions about behavioral function in mental illness (QABF-MI). Behavior Modification, 30(6), 739-751. https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=sample+survey+questionnaire+about+family+backgroundtbm=ischtbo=usource=univsa=Xei=BWpdUp62E8fxiAfUiIGIDwved=0CGIQsAQbiw=1366bih=664#facrc=_imgdii=_imgrc=bWprTi6c_vvXQM%3A%3B9lwusfzU6z3OBM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.uncssp.org%252Fimages%252Fsspsamplequestions_school11ak.gif%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.uncssp.org%252Fabout_samplequestions.asp%3B300%3B392 Questionnaire (SOCS II) Submitted by: Camille Punzalan Floriden Dairo Marilyn Vargas Mary Grace Romero John Paul Bernaldez Submitted to: Ms. Mileth Caraan (SOCS 2 Teacher) GOODBYE By; Anonymous I wish I hadn’t met someone like you Someone who is good to be true Someone  with charms of dreams, of fiction Someone you’d be willing to pour out your affection Goodbye for me, I won’t look back Your jokes so funny, you’d make me crack Your laughter, your smile, voice so sweet Your lips so red, your eyes so deep. To my questions you are the answer You are the bonfire in the cold day of winter You are the rain that makes flower bloom You are the light that comes from the moon. But goodbye for now, we must part You’ll always occupy a place in my heart As I turn my back, forget and be glad Rather than remember and be sad Just wipe your eyes and smile once more Hope you’d find what you’re looking for Goodbye my life, my strength, my love, A gift of fate from heavens above.

Catcher in the Rye Essay: Powerless Holden :: Catcher Rye Essays

Powerless Holden In The Catcher in the Rye, Holden views the world as an evil and corrupt place where there is no peace.   This perception of the world does not change significantly through the novel.   However, as the novel progresses, Holden gradually comes to the realization that he is powerless to change this.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During the short period of Holden's life covered in this book, "Holden does succeed in making us perceive that the world is crazy†1.   Shortly after Holden leaves Pencey Prep, he checks in to the Edmont Hotel.   This is where Holden's turmoil begins.   Holden spends the following evening in this hotel which was "full of perverts and morons.   [There were] screwballs all over the place."2.   His situation only deteriorates from this point, as the more he looks around the world, the more depressing life seems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Around every corner Holden sees evil.   He looks out on a world which appears completely immoral and unscrupulous.   The three days that the novel covers place a distressed Holden in the vicinity of Manhattan.   The city is decked with decorations and holiday splendor, yet, much to Holden's despair "seldom yields any occasions of peace, charity or even genuine merriment."3.   Holden is surrounded by what he views as drunks, perverts, morons and screwballs.   These convictions that Holden hold waver very momentarily during one particular scene in the book.   The scene is with Mr. Antolini.   After Mr. Antolini patted Holden on the head while he was sleeping, Holden jumped up and ran out thinking that Mr. Antolini was a pervert as well.   This is the only time during the novel where Holden thinks twice about considering someone a pervert.   After reviewing Mr. Antolini, Holden finally concludes that maybe he was not making a "flitty&quo t; pass at him. He wonders if he just like patting guys heads as they sleep.   This is the only time in the novel where Holden actually considers a positive side to something.   However, this event does not constitute a significant change.   As Holden himself says, "It's not too bad when the sun's out, but the sun only comes out when it feels like coming out."4. The sun, of course, is a reference to decency through the common association of light and goodness.  Ã‚   His perception of the world remains the same.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The one conviction that does change during the novel is Holden's belief that he can change the world.

Lord of the Flies Lit Analysis Essay

Do novels have a deeper meaning to them than what the author writes? Golding reflects the two sides of human nature in â€Å"Lord of the Flies† by using imagery. Imagery is conveyed to develop the hidden meanings of human nature through the use of specific references through the themes of light and dark imagery. Golding conveys dark imagery throughout the novel by making references to evil. From the beginning of the novel the author introduces to the reader that something sinister is impending. He uses specific language to show the reader that the boys are like approaching animals, â€Å"Within the diamond haze of the beach something dark was fumbling along† (LOF 20). The choir in a way symbolizes a militaristic group being described as a â€Å"party of boys, marching approximately in step in two parallel lines and dressed in strangely eccentric clothing†(LOF 20). It is evident that the choir is evil because the book is written in the World War II period and it is likely that the choir symbolizes the Nazi Party which many people would be able relate them too animals or savages. Imagery is often developed when characters in the novel are savage like. Dark imagery reveals the character Jack to be evil when, â€Å"He passed like a shadow under the darkness of the tree and crouched, looking down at the trodden at his feet† (LOF 53). Jack is being compared to an animal trying to hunt down his prey while crouching down. Again we can compare him to Hitler who was the leader of the Nazi party as Jack is the leader of the evil boys on the island. The darkness on the island spreads to every boy like it is within everyone. â€Å"Darkness poured out, submerging the ways between the trees till they were dim and strange as the bottom of the sea† (LOF 62). Before the boys got on the island it was a peaceful island, by acting like savages they spread darkness on the island, which is the evil in each and every one of them. The darkness was submerging or killing any goodness on the island. This is a relevant comparison to the war as well as it killed hope in good people specifically the Jews who were persecuted by another group of people who thought they were better. As darkness overtook the island it also over took Europe during the dark times of World War II. Thus, dark imagery is used to show men can be evil human beings. Golding uses light imagery over the course of the novel to symbolize civilization over savagery. Light imagery is often shown when something good or hopeful is going to occur. The boys make a signal fire in hopes that they will be rescued, â€Å"The flame nearly invisible at fist in that bright sunlight, enveloped a small twig, grew, was enriched with color and reached up to a branch which exploded with a sharp crack†(LOF 45). The fire is a symbol of civilization and hope that they will get rescued which is shown through the imagery used in the quote. The comparison can be made to the civilized people during WW11. They behaved in a way that was good and moral. The English boys on the island are trying to maintain civility by doing things like making a fire. Light imagery is illustrated by portraying Simon with goodness. When he is described Golding uses a lot of light imagery, â€Å"The water rose further and dressed Simon’s coarse hair with brightness† (LOF 169) . When Golding uses words like bright when describing characters it is often because the character is good and civilized, he is often compared to Jesus Christ. Reference to the saviour is associated with hope. Hope is also something that the victims of the Nazi party had to have in order to survive. At the beginning of the novel Golding uses colors and light to describe the character of Ralph as, â€Å"All the shadows on Ralph’s face revered; green above, bright below from the lagoon. A blur of sunlight was crawling across his hair† (LOF 16). Golding uses these colors to describe Ralph because he was one of the more civilized boys on the island. The comparison here can be made to describe Ralph as being good and bright and full of light and Jack as the opposite is dark and evil. To end, it is evident that light imagery symbolizes civilization. The two sides of human nature are evident with the use of dark and light imagery. Imagery is used as a compelling literary technique illustrating how light and dark translates into good and evil. The use of foreshadowing is an indicator of things to come, which was used as an effective tool when referring to light and dark imagery.

Homosexuality and the American Baptist Church

Homosexuality in the Baptist Church: Homosexuality is one of the most debated issues among Christians today, regardless of the denomination of their church. Some churches view homosexuality as a sin and have no tolerance for it, while other denominations are more accepting and consider it a non-sin. Even though some denominations have taken a stand on homosexuality, there seems to much discord within the governing bodies of the churches regarding this issue. It has moved from a topic rarely discussed and considered very personal and private, to a mainstream topic of conversation.Although there has been a growing acceptance among certain Christian denominations regarding homosexuals, the American Baptist Church has remained firm in its position towards homosexuality. The American Baptist Churches descended from the Northern Baptist Convention that was founded in 1907. The church has approximately 1. 5 million members and 5800 congregations that are scattered through 34 regions of the United States. The American Baptist Church members are following the century long traditions of soul freedom, which allows the independence of individual members of the church to form their own beliefs.They also support congregational freedom, which allows each church the autonomy to develop its own policies. In order to understand the position that the American Baptist Church takes on homosexuality, it is important to examine their general religious beliefs. According to a website of the First Baptist Church in Scituate, MA , they believe that salvation and eternal life are granted to all those who trust in Jesus Christ as Savior and Lord. They believe that both the Old and New Testaments of the Bible are the divinely inspired word of God. The Bible is to be interpreted responsibly under the guidance of the Holy Spirit.Baptists hold the Scriptures and the Old and New Testaments as their final authority. This has become the basis for the viewpoint that the American Baptist Church ha s developed on the issue of homosexuality. The American Baptists also have some strong convictions about the type of person they are supposed to be. Again, according to the First Baptist Church website, these include a redeemed person that claims a personal relationship with God, a biblical person that seeks guidance in understanding the Scripture, and a worshipping person that shares an open and public confession of faith.American Baptists are also supposed to be a mission person that invites others to follow Christ and an inclusive person, who embraces different races, ethnicity, and genders, and also accepts that there are individual differences of conviction and theology. This inclusion also covers those who are from a variety of backgrounds and they are to find unity in diversity and diversity in unity. These convictions have become a source of division among some of the member churches within this denomination, as they are supposed to embrace and accept those with individual d ifferences, yet they are not accepting of homosexuals.According to the religious tolerance website, The American Baptist Church has been actively responding to issues pertaining to homosexuality as far back as 1987. In June of 1987, a statement of concern regarding homosexuality was defeated by church delegates at their Biennial Meeting. They decided that â€Å"Scriptures repeatedly depict homosexuality as a social and moral evil and the unrepentant homosexual has no claim to full acceptance in the Christian community. † So at that time, they decided that they just did not want to deal with the issue.Four years later, in June of 1991, the delegates of the Biennial Meeting were forced to deal with the topic of homosexuality again. They adopted a statement that rejected the homosexual lifestyle, homosexual marriage, ordination of homosexual clergy, and the establishment of gay churches and gay caucuses On the other hand, their statement also included that the church should love and minister to the homosexual, but condemn the sin of the practice of homosexuality. They were taking the stance of hate the sin, love the sinner.They also established a Commission on Human Sexuality Resources to provide clarification and guidance for a Christian understanding of God’s gift of sexuality. By June of 1992 the General Board of the American Baptist Church was being pressured by some of their member churches to accept the practice of homosexuality within their denomination. A resolution called â€Å"Homosexuality and the Church†, which identified Gods plan for the fulfillment of sexual union to be one man and one woman in heterosexual, monogamous, and lifelong marriage, was narrowly defeated.The resolution further stated that â€Å"the redeeming love of Christ† is available to practicing homosexuals as it is to all who turn to him in faith and repentance. Then a few months later, in October 1992, the General Board was again approached and was force d to vote regarding the issues of homosexuality in their church. They finally agreed to issue a one sentence standing that was called â€Å"American Baptist Resolution on Homosexuality†. The sentence briefly stated â€Å"We affirm that the practice of homosexuality is incompatible with Christian teaching. This started the ball rolling and in June of 1993 the General Board next came up with another resolution that was called â€Å"American Baptist Resolution Calling for Dialogue on Human Sexuality†. That resolution states â€Å"that there exists a variety of understandings throughout our denomination on issues of human sexuality such as homosexuality† and encourages discussions regarding those particular issues. American Baptists were also encouraged to seek unity and avoid divisiveness.This resolution might as well have stated â€Å"there exists a variety of misunderstandings† and even though it encouraged discussions, their viewpoint was already establi shed. 1995 was an important year for the American Baptist Churches and their stand on homosexuals. In June 1995, the Granville Baptist Church in Granville, Ohio was expelled from the The Columbus Baptist Association because the church supported full participation of homosexuals. Then in September, the Pacific Southwest Region of the American Baptist Churches, which represented more the 300 churches, began defecting over the issue of homosexuality.The leaders of the region cited underlying issues regarding interpretation of the Scriptures and church discipline. As a result of the defection, The General Board of the American Baptist Churches created a commission â€Å"to find ways to deal constructively with issues around which there has been considerable disagreement. † In other words, they realized that the homosexuality issue was starting to destroy their denomination and they needed to get serious about resolving the problems.After various resolutions, committees, and amend ments over the next ten years, The General Board of the American Baptist Churches finally made some decisions in 2005. At that time they voted to amend their own document â€Å"We Are American Baptists† by adding a statement to the section â€Å"A Biblical People: Who submit to the teaching of Scripture that God’s design for sexual intimacy places it within the context of marriage between one man and one woman, and acknowledge that the practice of homosexuality is incompatible with Biblical teaching. This represents their final stand on homosexuality, which is that they believe it is wrong and is not in line with the teachings of their church. Although every denomination believes in the Bible as their â€Å"guiding light†, they all interpret it in a different way and can put their own spin on different passages. The American Baptist Church relies on their interpretation of the Bible to support the position that they have taken on homosexuality. There are passag es in the Bible that are known as the â€Å"clobber passages†, because they are used to beat up homosexuals.Leviticus 18:22, 20:13 is a typical passage that is thought to support the anti-gay stance. It states â€Å"You shall not lie with a male as with a woman; it is an abomination† (Leviticus 18:22). There is also an important passage in the New Testament that condemns homosexual behavior. â€Å"Therefore God gave them up in the lusts of their hearts to impurity, to the degrading of their bodies among themselves, because they exchanged the truth about God for a lie and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator.Their women exchanged natural intercourse for unnatural, and in the same way also the men, giving up natural intercourse with women, were consumed with passion for one another. Men committed shameless acts with men and received in their own persons the due penalty for their own error. † (Romans 1:24-27). However, later on there is a passa ge about judging others, so therefore you should prepare to be judged – so it is really a contradiction to think that the passage is condemning homosexuals. The arguments that support homosexuality within Christianity are widespread.They include the fact that we are all God’s children and he created us the way he wanted. So if he made some people homosexual, then that was his choice and it should be accepted. The Bible does not really give any straightforward help in guiding Christians regarding the entire problem of homosexuality. It is up to each person to develop their own opinion based upon their knowledge, experiences, and influences of their chosen religion. The ongoing problem between homosexuality and Christianity will probably be around for a long time. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. American Baptist Churches in the USA.Accessed October 14. http. //religioustoleran ce. org_abc1. htm [ 2 ]. American Baptist Beliefs. Accessed October 14. http://firstbaptistcituate. com/americanbaptistbeliefs. aspx [ 3 ]. American Baptist Church. Accessed October 14. http://abcusa. org/LinkClick. aspx? fileticket=iRGq66AgLAU%3d&tabid=199 [ 4 ]. American Baptist Church. Accessed October 14. http://abcusa. org/LinkClick. aspx? fileticket=iRGq66AgLAU%3d&tabid=199 [ 5 ]. American Baptist Church. Accessed October 14. http://abcusa. org/LinkClick. aspx? fileticket=iRGq66AgLAU%3d&tabid=199 [ 6 ]. American Baptist Church. Accessed October 14. ttp://abcusa. org/LinkClick. aspx? fileticket=iRGq66AgLAU%3d&tabid=199 [ 7 ]. American Baptist Church. Accessed October 14. http://abcusa. org/LinkClick. aspx? fileticket=iRGq66AgLAU%3d&tabid=199 [ 8 ]. Moll,, Rob. 2005. â€Å"American Baptist Exodus†. Christianity Today. November 23, 2005 [ 9 ]. American Baptist Church. Accessed October 14. http://abcusa. org/LinkClick. aspx? fileticket=iRGq66AgLAU%3d&tabid=199 [ 10 ]. Hays, Richard. 1991. â€Å"Awaiting the Redemption of Our Bodies†. Sojourners. November 11. P 17-21 [ 11 ]. Hays, Richard. 1991. â€Å"Awaiting the Redemption of Our Bodies†. Sojourners. November 11. P 17-21

Writing for the web - Emphasis

Writing for the web Writing for the web A website is a quick, easy and relatively cheap way to reach thousands of potential clients. Rich web content is what keeps those prospective clients coming back for more. Most people (75 per cent*) say that content quality is the most important factor governing whether they revisit a website (*Forrester Research). Yet content readability is one of the most obvious and most overlooked aspects of website accessibility. No matter how good the design of your site, and no matter how many users it gets, both are irrelevant if visitors cant or wont follow the content. Of course, websites for large organisations may have several different authors. So its easier to slip up on content readability: personal writing styles vary and can lead to confusing inconsistency. There may also be a mad dash to fill pages as soon as they are designed without enough thought given to subject matter, layout, punctuation, grammar and, most importantly, your site visitor. Good writing is not merely intuitive. Here are ten top tips on how to improve your site and ensure your content is king. 1. Start with the reader in mind. Ask yourself why theyre going to be visiting a page and what their likely thought process would be. Also, ask what things they wouldnt be interested in. 2. Use plain English. Imagine a typical customer. What terms would they use? Imagine that you are speaking to them when you write. Read the content out loud if it helps often its the process of writing that causes the problem. 3. Use the active voice, rather than the passive. So rather than saying an area is being redeveloped, say, we are redeveloping it. 4. Structure your sentences logically, by putting the what before the why. So dont write: If the company makes these changes now, it will immediately improve the service. Instead, write: The company will immediately improve the service if it makes these changes now. 5. Avoid over-long sentences. The best way to do this is to limit yourself to one idea per sentence. (This makes content much easier to write too.) 6. Use punctuation helpfully and accurately. Punctuation may seem like a small thing, but it can make a world of difference. For example, a local authority website recently left the apostrophe out of the following sentence: Residents refuse to go in the bins. The resulting meaning was probably not what the author intended. 7. Be direct. Use the word you whenever you can, and address the site visitor directly, as one person. (For example, You can find more information here.) 8. Talk. If various colleagues provide written information for your website, set up a meeting and decide on a style guide to ensure consistency. For example: use the same subheads and titles; if you use specific abbreviations make sure you all work to the same format. Discuss work in progress as a team so as not to repeat content unnecessarily. 9. Proofread. Inaccuracies can easily be missed. Be sure to print out and proofread the content, as mistakes are much harder to spot on screen. 10. Links. Links can be extremely helpful if directing the site visitor to relevant information. But be careful not to splatter your web pages with links for the sake of it. This can alienate the site visitor from the content they actually require. You dont want to send them hurtling into the www ether when they could be reading your site.

The Inside Scoop on the Watergate Scandal

The Inside Scoop on the Watergate Scandal The Watergate scandal was a defining moment in American politics and led the resignation of President Richard Nixon and the indictments of several of his advisers. The Watergate scandal was also a watershed moment for how journalism was practiced in the United States. The scandal takes its name from the Watergate complex in Washington, D.C. The Watergate hotel was the site of a June 1972 break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters. Five men were arrested and indicted for breaking and entering: Virgilio Gonzlez, Bernard Barker, James W. McCord, Jr., Eugenio Martà ­nez and Frank Sturgis. Two other men tied to Nixon, E. Howard Hunt, Jr. and G. Gordon Liddy, were hit with conspiracy, burglary, and violation of federal wiretapping laws. All seven men were either directly or indirectly employed by Nixons Committee to Re-elect the President (CRP, sometimes referred to as CREEP). The five were tried and convicted in January 1973.The indictments occurred as Nixon was running for re-election in 1972. He defeated Democratic opponent George McGovern. Nixon was certain to be impeached and convicted in 1974, but the 37th president of the United States resigned before he was to face prosecution. Details of the Watergate Scandal Investigations by the FBI, the Senate Watergate Committee, the House Judiciary Committee and the press (specifically Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein of The Washington Post) revealed the break-in was one of several illegal activities authorized and carried out by Nixons staff. These illegal activities included campaign fraud, political espionage and sabotage, illegal break-ins, improper tax audits, illegal wiretapping, and a laundered slush fund used to pay those who conducted these operations.Washington Post reporters Woodward and Bernstein relied on anonymous sources as their investigation revealed that knowledge of the break-in and its to cover-up reached into the Justice Department, the FBI, the CIA, and the White House. The primary anonymous source was an individual they nicknamed Deep Throat; in 2005, former Deputy Director of the FBI William Mark Felt, Sr., admitted to being Deep Throat. Watergate Scandal Timeline In February 1973, the U.S. Senate unanimously approved a resolution that impaneled the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities to investigate the Watergate burglary. Chaired by Democratic U.S. Sen. Sam Ervin, the committee held public hearings that became known as the Watergate Hearings.In April 1973, Nixon asked for the resignation of two of his most influential aides, H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman; both were indicted and went to prison. Nixon also fired White House Counsel John Dean. In May, Attorney General Elliot Richardson appointed a special prosecutor, Archibald Cox.The Senate Watergate hearings were broadcast from May to August 1973. After the first week of the hearings, the three networks rotated daily coverage; the networks broadcast 319 hours of television, a record for a single event. However, all three networks carried the nearly 30 hours of testimony by former White House counsel John Dean.After two years of investigations, evidence implicating Nixon and his staff grew, including the existence of a tape recording system in Nixons office. In October 1973, Nixon fired special prosecutor Cox after he subpoenaed the tapes. This act prompted the resignations of Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus. The press labeled this the Saturday Night Massacre.In February 1974, the U.S. House of Representatives authorized the House Judiciary Committee to investigate whether sufficient grounds existed to impeach Nixon. Three articles of impeachment were approved by the Committee, recommending that the House begin formal impeachment proceedings against President Richard M. Nixon. Court Rules Against Nixon In July 1974, the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously ruled that Nixon had to hand over the tapes to investigators. These recordings further implicated Nixon and his aides. On   July 30,  1974, he complied. Ten days after handing over the tapes, Nixon quit, becoming the only U.S. President to have resigned from office. The additional pressure: impeachment proceedings in the House of Representatives and certainty of a conviction in the Senate. The Pardon On   September 8, 1974, President Gerald Ford granted Nixon a full and unconditional pardon for any crimes he may have committed while President. Memorable Lines Republican U.S. Sen. Howard Baker asked, What did the President know, and when did he know it? It was the first question that focused on Nixons role in the scandal. Sources Watergate - Museum.tvNixon Forces Firing of Cox; Richardson, Ruckelshaus Quit - Washington Post

HND Managing People Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

HND Managing People - Assignment Example Let me explain why. Probably due to the pressures in the industry and due to the aspiration of the company to gain competitive edge over its competitors, Bankco enforced culture shift from being operation-oriented to sales-oriented company. With the introduction of advanced technological developments to the organisation that considerably improves productivity, computers and other state-of-the-art gadgets have replaced huge numbers of labourers. The implementation of modern business strategies and techniques also contributed to the considerable downsizing of its labour force. Because of the implementation of these two innovations, Bankco's has been restructured from 7 regions and 54 districts to 3 regions and 21 areas. This culture shift requires a collateral implementation of enhanced training strategies for the remaining employees to improve their skills in using computers and other technological devices to become more productive. Bankco's upper management realised the necessity of this move. It then increased the company's budget on training and development, which is a good move. We are now seeing Bankco as a company that is really serious in infusing technological developments in its operations. However, I believe that this move prematurely done since the HR department has not made any preparatory moves that will introduce the change into the organisation. Instead of orienting the managers and staff on the impending changes in the company first, what the HR department did was to assert the training methods that it deems fit for the organisation without any initial consultation. What resulted was a conflict of views regarding the appropriate training and learning methods. In the HR department's standpoint; interactive, modular, and computer-based learning methods are more effective training methods. According to the HR department it is the individual who would actively seek to further his or her own development and would take responsibility for this. Bankco's HR Department's philosophy with when it comes to learning is that the desire for learning comes from one's own initiative. What the whole organisation, must do is "to move to a situation where it is not the business tra ining the staff, but it is the business providing opportunities within which the staff can learn and grow.' On the other hand, experiential, on-the-job, practical learning coupled with regular courses and traditional teaching methods that engender the 'back-to-school' effect are the methods favoured by the managers. For them, it is the experiences not the simulated realities found in training that will improve learning. "Individuals learn," they say, 'by absorbing information, by making it interesting, relating it to real life situations, absorption involving recollection, using key words, revisions, competition, and reward in the end.' These differences in learning philosophy between HR and the managers should have been considered before implementation of new training methods took place. Despite the favourable impression of the managers on efforts of the organization in encouraging training and learning based on the evaluation of training and learning methods (a large portion of Bankco's managers believed that the organisation encouraged them to learn and to develop themselves), on a closer look, however, they considered this effort as an 'expectation' of the upper management for them to learn, to always be updated and to be prompt in responding to the new

External Analysis of Blackberry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

External Analysis of Blackberry - Essay Example The present 9000 series has extended the capabilities of blackberries (Baldauf and Stair, 180). The series is now able to receive RSS feeds, display full HTML web pages, and other networking abilities. This short paper will deal with the threats and opportunities of the Blackberry Company. Major threats faced by Blackberry The company faces a myriad of threats in which the leading is competition from companies producing similar products. Motorola gave a notable competition to the company in the year 2007 (Blackberry Product Fans, 2008). This occurred because Motorola had superior products that competed with then RIM blackberry phones. There are also other mobile phones capable of sending and receiving emails including Nokia and Ericson (Blackmore, 5). These have also offered competition to the Blackberry products. Nokia has been a dominant cell phone provider in the world. This has enabled Nokia to compete with Blackberry well in the world market (Evers and Johnston, 120). Motorola h as been able to establish a brand appreciation that is strong with its consumer market. The Motorola Company has made product promotion in the market successfully. The Motorola marketing staff has made extraordinary efforts in boosting this venture of promotional marketing (Cook, 3). Another advantage of Motorola lies in the relationship existing between the company and the National Football League. This makes the company products famous in the world market and stands a chance of making tremendous sales to consumers. Samsung is another competitor worth mentioning in this case. The weakness of blackberry cell phones in web interface is a weakness that creates a loophole for other companies to compete best in the market. Thus, with the recent improvements in the Blackberry Technologies, there has been a noted improvement in the company’s share of the world market. Most countries treat Mobile companies as experimental budget and cuts. There has been a drying up of funding for th e mobile marketing firms and mobile service providers. When the global market share of Nokia fell to around 38.9% that of Blackberry rose by about 5%, showing the impact of the improvements in Blackberry recent IT technologies (DATAMONITOR, 2010). Continuous improvements will bring many achievements for the company in the future. Opportunities for the Blackberry Company Despite the threats enlisted above Blackberry, have some crucial opportunities to help in boosting its future endeavors. Blackberry has recently developed exceptional products, which possess advanced technologies in Information Technology (Hislop, 22). The present world has had flooding of IT pursuits in small gadgets, and the company’s enhancement of its products is an excellent move. The present blackberry cell phones have numerous features, which is another opportunity that takes the company ahead of its competitors. Blackberry has been able to meet the needs and wants of customers in the world market. This is an opportunity, which if the company works to continue building on it, will yield tremendous achievements. The company has displayed a brand loyalty for its consumers thus establishing trust from its market (Mennecke and Strader, 123). Maintenance of this brand loyalty will help the company meet future challenges from the external environment. The blackberry phones at present bear a leading edge of radio technology, which is crucial, add on making the company’

Essay Summary Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Summary - Essay Example unconsciously mold society through these tools, wherein these tools also mold their values, beliefs, attitudes, and practices in their different fields and in their own homes and families (277). In â€Å"Authoritarian High Modernism,† James Scott agrees that architecture can respond to various social problems during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Like Le Corbusier, Scott believes that architecture rises to the challenge of social changes due to technological and economic progress. Scott also asserts that studying the origin of architecture was and is a modern activity because it fits the constant desire for social benefits and social solutions. His difference with Le Corbusier is his specific focus on high modernism that has its strengths of trying to improve the social fabric and enabling the social participation of modernist thinkers, while its weaknesses are ruthlessness in advancing modernist ideals and disastrous effects, when political controls are weak or defi cient. 2. In â€Å"Ornament and Crime,† Loos criticizes the use of ornament in architecture. Loos asserts that using ornaments buildings is a crime of the degenerate (20). In order to be culturally developed, he emphasizes that architects must remove ornaments from their buildings (Loos 20). Furthermore, Loose argues that ornamentation wastes time and energy. Architects must focus on function, not ornamental form, to create buildings that have true functions for users. Finally, Loos thinks that to vie for ornaments is not natural of higher intelligence. Ornaments are superficial and wasteful exercises for him. Semper feels differently in â€Å"The Textile Art† because he argues that textiles and buildings have the same origins- the need to turn invisible open space into visibly enclosed spaces. Whereas Loos finds ornament as unnatural, Semper asserts that ornamenting the body and the space through architecture is natural to people’s desire for art (254). Despite these differences, Semper and

Poverty And Environmental Degradation In Ghana Environmental Sciences Essay

Poverty And Environmental Degradation In Ghana Environmental Sciences Essay The relation between poverty levels and environmental degradation has been widely debated inside academic circles. The theoretical linkage between poverty and environmental degradation has for some time been shroud in ambiguity. Environment degradation and poverty are closely interrelated and inseparable, particularly in developing countries. Awareness and concern about environmental degradation have grown around the world over the last few decades; these concerns are shared by people of different nations, cultures, religions and social classes. In recent years economic researchers have become increasingly aware of the important implications that the state of the environment has for the success of development effort. .(Michael P Todaro, Stephen C Smith, Economic Development) it has been asserted that the interaction between poverty and environmental degradation can lead to a self perpetuating process in which ,as a result of ignorance or economic necessity, communities may in advertently destroy or exhaust the resources on which they depend for survival.(Michael P Todaro, Stephen C Smith, Economic Development) According to Michael P Todaro and Stephen C Smith, environmental degradation can have severe consequences on the poor in developing countries. They further conclude that since the solution to environmental problems involve enhancing the productivity of resources and improving living conditions among the poor, achieving environmentally sustainable growth is synonymous with achieving economic growth. Poverty is considered a great influence on environmental degradation. In many regions of the developing countries, regional overgrazing has resulted in destruction of grazing lands, forest and soil. In addition air and water have been degraded . It has been hypothesized that as people become poorer, they destroy the resources faster . By so doing tend to overuse the natural resources because they dont have any means of survival except through the natural resources. They therefore tend to depend more on natural resources. An increase in poverty gives rise to an equal increase in environmental degradation thereby necessitating the need to improve the quality of living. Ghana is located on the west coast of Africa bordering the Gulf of Guinea with a 539-kilometer stretch of coastline. The capital, Accra, is situated along the coast. The country shares borders with Togo to the east, Cote dIvoire on the west and Burkina Faso to the north. Ghana covers a total area of 238,537 square km (92,100 square miles). Ghana is well endowed with natural resources gold, timber, and cocoa the major sources of foreign exchange, and recently discovered oil in commercial quantities. The domestic economy continues to revolve around subsistence agriculture, which accounts for 34.7 percent of GDP and employs 56 percent of the work force, mainly smallholders. The country has a total of 170 metropolitan, municipal and district assemblies within its ten administrative regions and has approximately 22 million people. Most of the population is concentrated in the southern part of the country, with highest densities occurring in urban and cocoa-producing areas.(USAID) . Ghana is rapidly urbanizing. Despite this, most of Ghanas poor live in rural areas without basic services such as health care and clean water. Small-scale farmers, who are affected most by rural poverty in Ghana, depend on outdated farming tools and lack access to improved seeds and fertilizers to increase crop yields. Since independence Ghana has had a long fight with poverty. There have been six development plans implemented in Ghana since 1951. They have all generally sought to improve upon the growth of GDP and ensuring an acceptable level of social and political life for the country. The most recent and significant have been the Vision 2020 and The Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy.( Eugene Eluerkeh,2004) Environmental degradation is difficult to define. In simple terms environmental degradation can be said to be the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil, the destruction of the ecosystems and the extinction of wildlife. Poverty is the state of having inadequate access to ones survival needs and basic social amenities which include food, clothing, shelter, education, good health, employment, transport, communication and other basic social services. Poverty breeds frustration, depression, helplessness, carelessness, insecurity, indiscipline, crime and struggle to meet immediate survival needs at the expense of long-term environmental benefits. This struggle for survival has been the major linkage of the poor to environmental degradation such as deforestation, land degradation of coastal habitats and poor urban sanitation that keep perpetual poverty. Poverty can be assessed at the individual, household, community, district, regional and national levels in which case a nations capability to provide the social needs of its people is used as a measure of its poverty status. One out of five people on earth still live with $1 a day, and many coordinated effort and commitment have been targeted to reduce the number of poor people including the socalled Millennium Development Goals: halving extreme poverty by the year 2015 (World Bank, DFID, EC, UNDP, 2002). As part of the conditions to be met for the realization of (HIPC) relief package, Ghana, like its counterpart countries, was to develop a Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) to indicate how monies accrued from joining (HIPC) would be used to alleviate poverty among Ghanaians. The broad strategies outlined in the document included good governance, macro-economic stability, production, employment, vulnerability and exclusion, and human resource development. Unfortunately, however, the environment, which is the primary ingredient for survival, growth and development was not streamlined in the document. Environmental degradation is a result of the dynamic inter play of socio-economic, institutional and technological activities. Environmental changes may be driven by many factors including economic growth, population growth, urbanization, intensification of agriculture, rising energy use and transportation. Poverty still remains a problem at the root of several environmental problems. Poverty is said to be both cause and effect of environmental degradation. The circular link between poverty and environment is an extremely complex phenomenon. Inequality may foster unsustainability because the poor, who rely on natural resources more than the rich, deplete natural resources faster as they have no real prospects of gaining access to other types of resources. Moreover, degraded environment can accelerate the process of impoverishment, again because the poor depend directly on natural assets Environmental sustainability should thus, be a key priority area in our strategic plans towards poverty alleviation. Within this context therefore, the right linkage between the various specific environmental degradation and poverty must be well established to the appreciation of all stakeholders. In search of an explanation of the poverty- environmental degradation linkage, many studies have been done in this regard. In terms of urban poverty, it is suggested that there is little evidence of it being a significant contributor to environmental degradation but strong evidence that urban environ-mental hazards are major contributors to urban poverty (David Satterthwaite). Most of the studies on the poverty-environment linkage have used panel data studies and hence have not been country specific. This study thus aims to explore in detail the poverty-environment linkage with specific reference to the Ghanaian situation. It will thus review the existing literature on the poverty-environment linkage, provide an overview of the poverty and environment profile in Ghana and attempt to provide policy recommendations suitable for the Ghanaian situation. Statement of Problem Poverty in Ghana has for a long been considered an economic problem. Hence economic policies that have been developed haved not considered the environment. It is however useful to consider the interplay between the environment and poverty in formulating policies designed to alleviate poverty. Various studies have established that there exists some kind of dynamic interplay between the state of the environment and poverty levels. Hence it is useful to consider the impact of the various economic policies designed to reduce poverty on the environment. Significance of the study The study will be of immense significance to the economy of Ghana. It will attempt to explain the poverty-environment linkage in Ghana. The study will review the literature on the poverty and environmental profile of Ghana. It will then explore the impact that policy reforms that have been designed to alleviate poverty have had on the environment. Objectives of the study The main objective of the study will be to: explore the poverty-environmental degradation linkage in Ghana. Explore the determinants of environmental degradation im Ghana. Elaborate on steps taken to reduce environmental degradation in Ghana Evaluate the existing economic policies designed to reduce poverty Data and Methodology The study will use macro data on poverty levels and measures on environmental degradation. To achieve the above objectives the study will adopt and modify the model used by Shaista Alam in the study Globalization, Poverty and Environmental Degradation: Sustainable Development in Pakistan . The model is given as: lnEGt= ÃŽÂ ²0+ÃŽÂ ²1lnPVRTt+ÃŽÂ ²2lnFRTt+ÃŽÂ ²3lnURBNt+ÃŽÂ ²4lnPOPt+ÃŽÂ ²5lnEDUt+ÃŽÂ µ where the variables are defined as follows: EG is environmental degradation,FRT is fertilizer consumption (in metric tons), URBN is the rate of urbanization, POP is the population growth, PVRT represents poverty, EDU is the education.

Changing the World Through Education :: Teaching Teachers Essays

Changing the World Through Education My philosophy on teaching involves changing the world through my students. I want to enable my students, through education and motivation, to leave the world better than they have hound it. Like many social reconstructionists, I feel that we as teachers owe it to the future generations to instruct them how to handle the problems they will encounter in hopes that they will pass on fewer problems to their children. I will work every minute of everyday to ensure my students’ successful futures. I believe that students need a routine to help them think clearly and freely, such as that suggest by the Perennialist approach. Upon graduating from Concord College, I will attend graduate school and receive my Master’s degree in Education. I will be teaching at different places around the country, as I will be moving frequently. My future occupational plans include working with the Department of Defense school systems. I will use my educational background and my life experiences to enlighten and teach my students. Issues that I feel are crucial to address which also pertain to my particular philosophy are increasing political awareness, raising racial tolerance and acceptance, reducing child abuse and violence against women, and recycling and appreciation for our natural resources. Methods I would use in my classroom to get students involved would include community service projects, recycling drives, field trips to shelters and centers, and food and clothing drives within the class. Activities such as these, where students can see the changes they are making, get them motivated in a way that no general lessons can. Children need to feel the selfless satisfaction that comes from helping their fellow man. I have had many excellent teachers throughout my educational experience, some of these have been wonderful teachers that have set lessons to life. Others have been boring, overly strict, unapproachable, and at times unknowledgeable. I have learned valuable lessons from both. A positive and fun learning environment makes students want to be in the classroom. The first step in learning is that the children must want to be there.

Project Management Life Cycle Essay

Four Steps of Project Management Life Cycle Project Management Life Cycle is a separation for a project. According to Ms. Cui’s research, managers can separate a whole project to some steps and connect those steps with project operation; the sum of all those steps are project management life cycle (Cui, 2011). There are four components in project management life cycle, which are time requirement, project stages, project task and project result. Generally, because the unpredictability of project, project management life cycle often uses time dimension to control and evaluate the project (Cui, 2011). There are many ways to separate project life cycle into steps. Project Management Institute in United States (PMI) separates the project life cycle into three steps: beginning stage, medium stage and final stage (Cui, 2011). Chinese Project Management Body of Knowledge (C-PMBOK) separates the project life cycle into four steps: Conception Phase, Development Phase, Implementation Phase and Final Phase. Though those two standards have some differences, both of them separate a project into many steps in order to survey and control the operation of project. In my opinion, the standard of C-PMBOK is better than the standard of PMI. C-PMBOK’s standard is not only based on time dimension but also based on activity dimension. C-PMBOK demonstrates the important aim for each stage. However, the standard of PMI is only based on time dimension and fails to demonstrate aims of stages. (1) Conception Phase In this step, the project practitioner should try his or her best to clarify the core mission, the clients’ demand, the aim and the definition of his or her project. In business, project practitioners may send a Request for Proposal (RFP) to customers. According to the feedback of RFP, project practitioner will make a basic concept for his or her project. Feasibility report and project design are two necessary documents in this step. (2) Development Phase In this step, project practitioner should make the detail plan for the whole project and discuss this plan with customers. This step is the last step before the project will be put into practice. Not only a plan, a scheduling duration should be set up for next stage. In addition, project practitioner should organize the team and arrange works. (3) Implementation Phase In this step, the project is implemented. Project team should works as the project plan and ensure all phased aims achieved. (4) Final Phase After Implementation Phase, the work of the project is finished. However, finishing all works does not means that the whole project finishes. In this step, some important work still should be done. For example, in trading business project, project practitioner should check out whether the goods are delivered to correct client and whether all invoices are paid in time. In addition, the feedback from clients and the lesson learned are both should be done in this step. People should understand that those steps above are a general method to separate the project life cycle. Both standards of C-PMBOK and PMI are guides rather than practical ways. In different industries, most of managers will use those ways to separate manage their projects. However, according to the different characters of industries, managers separate their project based on their different needs. For Instance, in urban construction industry, Morris Model is widely used in project management life cycle (Dong & Wang, 2010). Morris Model separates the project life cycle into four steps, which is same as general method. However, steps in Morris Model demonstrate the characters of urban construction industry: Feasibility step, urban planning and designing, building step and putting into use step (Dong & Wang, 2010). The Ways to Evaluate and Control the Project To ensure the project operating well and on time, the ways to evaluate and control are important. In current project management life cycle theory, three concepts are introduced to managers, which are used to evaluate the project operation. (1) Checkpoint Checkpoint is a specific time point. Managers will set up many checkpoints in each steps of project life cycle. Every checkpoint will have a specific time span with another one. Manager will compare the situation of project operation with project plan to check whether or not the project is on track. For example, when China Merchants Bank designed their new system, the manager of IT department set a checkpoint every two week to evaluate whether this employees finished their work as project plan that is 1000 lines computer programs per week. (2) Milestone Milestone is a specific time point, too. However, different with checkpoint, the project will be evaluated not only whether the time schedule is okay but also whether the quality and goal requirements are achieved on milestone. Milestone will be set after a stage work finish. In a step of project life cycle, there will be many checkpoints but only few milestones. (3) Baseline Baseline is a kind of special milestone. The stage work before a baseline will be the basis of the stage work after this baseline. For example, when airplane company designs a new plane, engine design and tuning will be a stage work followed by a baseline because of three reasons. First, the engine design and tuning should be finish in time because the fly test cannot be done without engine. Second, the quality of engine design and tune is the core element of the safety of test. Third, the engine design will be one of basics of next stage work – plane tuning. When manager set checkpoint, milestone and baseline, they need to consider carefully. If the time spans between them are too short, the evaluation will be meaningless. However, if time spans are too long, mistakes will accumulate too many and serious to be fixed and rescued. Managers should try to ensure the project is operating as schedule. If missing the checkpoint, milestone or baseline, managers need to fix their plan to chase the time expected schedule, or the project might be delay or failed on quality. Reference Gray, C. F., & Larson, E. W. (2000). Project Management: The Managerial Process. Boston: Irwin/McGraw-Hill, c2000. Project Life Cycle. (2010). Retrieved from http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F Dong, W., & Wang, J. (2010). The Project Management Life Cycle of Urban Construction Based on Parallel Engineering. Urban Construction. 4(69). 161-162. Retrieved from http://doc.mbalib.com/view/72774efdf93f3360debc6fa5f66edfd8.html Miao, Z. (2012). The Management of Core Stage of PDM Project Life Cycle. E-Work. Retrieved from http://doc.mbalib.com/view/d1b58b855dd0dc9998b3ee7d4899a771.html Cui, L. (2011). The Optimization Research of Project Management of â€Å"Graduate Student Research Project†. Journal of Guangxi University. Retrieved from http://doc.mbalib.com/view/c6c150395dca43e5a5755d199261d8b5.html